Teledyne-lecroy AORM - Advanced Optical Recording Measurements Manuel d'utilisateur

AORM SoftwareInstruction Manual

8 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AParameters allow measurements of the section of waveform lying between the parameter cursors. The position of the cu

98 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AThis is what the XY plot looks like: The XY plot has been adjusted so that all of the pit tops are displayed vs. Pi

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 99 IMPROVING HORIZONTAL MEASUREMENT ACCURACY Horizontal measurement accuracy pertains to timing

100 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev A0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10432101234Optical Data SignalThresholdOptical Data AcquisitionTime (.5 us/div)Amplitude (10 m

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 101 The AORM package histograms the values inside each pit to determine the most likely amplitu

102 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev A0.020.0250.030.0350.04Optical Data SignalMost Likely Waveform AmplitudeTop CalculatedTop CalculationPointsAmplitud

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 103 THEORY OF OPERATION An understanding of statistical variations in parameter values is neede

104 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev A1.5Volts3.154.35Range10203040Count23456The sequence for acquiring histogram data is: 1. trigger2. waveform acquisi

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 105 Histogram Parameters Once a histogram is defined and generated, measurements can be perform

106 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev Amaxp population of most populated bin in histogram mode data value of most populated bin in histogram pctl d

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 107 Determining such peaks is very useful because they indicate the dominant values in a signal

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 9 SETUP AND MEASUREMENT DIALOG The “AORM Measurements” dialog is accessed from the menu bar’s A

108 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev ADVD PROCESSING MODEL In many applications, it is important to make measurements directly from the RF signal, inde

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 109 Where: • Equalized – applies a low pass filter with boost to the input data. This should no

110 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AFILTERING A low-pass filter that removes high-frequency noise and provides equalization is needed for the newer op

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 111 Gate Optionally, you can specify a channel that will be used to gate the input signal. Wh

112 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AAPPENDIX A: NOTES ON ODATA MATH FUNCTION The ORDATA math function can accept as input either unequalized or alread

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 113 • "Acquisition too small to apply EQ filters": The valid region of the waveform i

114 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev ASimulation result showing transfer function of the digital low-pass filter and 3-tap EQ (boost) filter, set to 8.2

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 115 trace; and it can be used for measurements of the clock frequency. If the JTA option is pre

116 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev ASince the acquired data may be a millisecond or less in duration, extracting the clock depends critically on the s

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 117 A small section of a 1 ms long noisy DVD waveform. Acquired with an ungrounded AP020 probe

10 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev A

118 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev ASame piece of the same signal, equalized and leveled.

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 119 It should be mentioned that the extracted clock output is also exactly five divisions high

120 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev ARoughly, the phase steering target for the VCO is that the data transitions should happen on the falling edge of t

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 121 edges. If the source waveform has less than 2000 edges, the accuracy of this procedure may

122 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev Athe frequency is disturbed slightly for the first 15 µs or so; the frequency shift during this time is very small,

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 11 AORM Measurement Menus Field DescriptionView Allows you to quickly select the most common vi

12 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AField DescriptionShow Determines which table of values is displayed below the grid. When Parameters is selected, a

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 13 Field DescriptionThe clock need only be specified if the parameter requires a clock for the

14 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AField DescriptionSubject nT For BES, EES, BEES, BESS, and EESS, this specifies the pit of interest. The results wil

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 15 Measurement Table When the Parameter view is selected, up to 4 additional parameters, which

16 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AView Menu Selections View Displays Additional KeysParameterThe source traces will be displayed along with the custo

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 17 Equalizer and PLL Dialog Field DescriptionTrack Clock Check this checkbox to enable tracking

AORM Software Instruction Manual© 2013 Teledyne LeCroy, Inc. All rights reserved.Unauthorized duplication of Teledyne LeCroy documentation materials o

18 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev ACREATING AND ANALYZING HISTOGRAMS Selecting the Histogram Function Histograms are created by graphing a series of w

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 19 The current horizontal per division setting for the histogram. The unit type used is determi

20 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev ADISPLAYING TRENDS The Trend function for processing waveforms creates a graph of successive waveform parameter valu

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 21 4. Touch inside the Operator1 field and select Trend from the Select MathOperator pop-up me

22 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev ATrend Calculation Once the trend has been configured, parameter values will be calculated and trended on each subse

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 23 •Vertical value at point in trend at cursor location when using cursors•Number of events in

24 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AMAKING OPTICAL DATA MEASUREMENTS View Modes The two modes available for Optical Recording Measurements, “Custom” a

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 25 Configuration Options All configuration options are available for each parameter, except as

26 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AConfiguration Menus The menus described on the following pages show how to configure any parameter. Display the AOR

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 27 Touch inside the Measurement field and select a measurement from the pop-up menu. Besides th

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 1 WHAT CAN AORM DO? ...

28 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev ASetting Levels To identify pits or spaces, thresholds and hysteresis are set. Touch inside the Data Source field an

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 29 Touch inside the Data Gate field and select a signal source. You can also select None. Data

30 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev ASelect a clock period by having the period calculated from the clock source, by choosing a standard, or by manually

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 31 Pit or Space Identification This is determined uniquely by the threshold, hysteresis, and e

32 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AThe hysteresis band shown in the next figure is centered on the user- selected voltage level threshold. The hyster

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 33 • For the entire signal, only a space can be identified after a pit, and only a pit can beid

34 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev ABES BEGINNING EDGE SHIFT Description BES provides a measurement of the time between the beginning edge of the subj

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 35 Beginning Edge Shift measurement of subject 4Tpit Zoom of Positive Polarity Pit Edge -- exa

36 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AThe measurement has configurable units. If absolute time is specified, the value is simply the time indicated above

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 37 BESS BEGINNING EDGE SHIFT SIGMA Description BESS provides a measurement of the mean, norma

2 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev ADescription...

38 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev ADisplay Options ORM parameter calculations can be displayed, histogrammed and trended in a variety of ways. DISPLA

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 39 EES ENDING EDGE SHIFT Description EES provides a measurement of the time between the ending

40 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AEnding Edge Shift measurement of subject 4T pit T+t-Data SignalClock SignalZoom of Positive Polarity Pit Ending Ed

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 41 The measurement has configurable units. If absolute time is specified, the value is simply t

42 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AEESS ENDING EDGE SHIFT SIGMA Description EESS provides a measurement of the mean, normalized standard deviation o

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 43 Display Options ORM parameter calculations can be displayed, histogrammed and trended in a v

44 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev ABEES BEGINNING ENDING EDGE SHIFT Description BEES provides a measurement of both the beginning and ending edge shi

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 45 The next figure demonstrates the measurement of the beginning edge shift on a single subject

46 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev ADisplay Options ORM parameter calculations can be displayed, histogrammed, and trended in a variety of ways. DISPL

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 47 DP2C DELTA PIT TO CLOCK Description Dp2c provides a measurement of the time between the lea

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 3 PASYM PIT ASYMMETRY...

48 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AData SignalClock SignalDelta Pit-to-Clock measurement tn, t+Tn, T+t-T-Data SignalClock SignalZoom of Positive Polar

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 49 The measurement has configurable units. If absolute time is specified, the value is simply t

50 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev ADP2CS DELTA PIT TO CLOCK SIGMA Description Dp2cs provides a measurement of the mean, normalized standard deviatio

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 51 Display Options ORM parameter calculations can be displayed, histogrammed, and trended in a

52 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AEDGSH EDGE SHIFT Description Edge Shift provides a measurement of the difference between the width of pits, spaces,

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 53 DISPLAY TYPE VALUE DISPLAYED Parameter Statistics Off All values of the overall edge shift

54 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AMore On Edge Shift A good approach to understanding the operation of the edge shift parameter with different modes

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 55 30 20 10 0 10 20 3002004006008003T Edge Shift4T Edge Shift5T Edge ShiftSuperposition of Edge

56 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev APAA PIT AVERAGE AMPLITUDE Description Pit Average Amplitude provides a measurement of the average amplitude of pit

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 57 Example Consider this persistence plot of an optical data waveform. Using cursors, the avera

4 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AExample ...

58 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev APASYM PIT ASYMMETRY Description Pit Asymmetry provides a measurement of the asymmetry of the middle voltage level f

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 59 Example This persistence plot of a bandwidth limited, smooth waveform illustrates asymmetry.

60 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev APBASE PIT BASE Description Pit Base provides a best estimate of the bottom amplitude of a space. The concept of the

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 61 Example This persistence waveform is created by setting a SMART Trigger® to capture only 4T

62 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev APMAX PIT MAXIMUM Description Pit Maximum provides a measurement of the maximum voltage value of pits of interest. I

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 63 Example: This waveform contains a single pit, whose max is computed as 26.1 mV. The same mea

64 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev APMIDL PIT MIDDLE LEVEL Description Pit Middle Level provides a measurement of the middle voltage level of pits or s

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 65 Example This waveform contains thousands of pits. In ‘nT Table’ mode, the middle levels are

66 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev APMIN PIT MINIMUM Description Pit Minimum provides a measurement of the minimum voltage value of pits of interest, a

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 67 Example This waveform contains a single space. The pit min is computed as -9.7 mV. The measu

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 5 Histogram Parameters...

68 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev APMODA PIT MODULATION AMPLITUDE Description Pit Modulation Amplitude provides a measurement of the ratio of the Pit

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 69 Example The following persistence plots were generated using the DC-coupled signal. In the

70 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AIn the second, the cursor reads the difference between the 11T top and base of 67.2 mV. In the third plot, the curs

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 71 The last plot shows the waveform with the parameters calculated automatically. 1. pmoda 3T

72 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev APNUM PIT NUMBER Description Pit Number provides a measurement of the number of pits or spaces of interest or both.

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 73 Example In this waveform, each of the 3 pits/spaces is easily identified. There is a 4T pit,

74 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev APRES PIT RESOLUTION Description Pit Resolution measures the ratio of the Pit Average Amplitude (see paa measurement

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 75 Example Consider the following persistence plots. In the first, the amplitude measurement cu

76 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AThis is the same waveform with the parameters calculated automatically. 1. pres 3T paa / 11T paa 2. paa 3T3. paa 1

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 77 PTOP PIT TOP Description Pit Top provides a measurement of the best estimate of the top ampl

6 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev ABLANK PAGE

78 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AExample This persistence waveform was created by setting a SMART Trigger to capture only 3T pits. The computed 3T t

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 79 PWID PIT WIDTH Description Pit Width provides a measurement of the width of pits or spaces o

80 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AExample The example shows that, measured at the selected voltage threshold, the CD data signal contains sequentiall

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 81 1. Use the maximum number of values (2,000,000,000)2. Classify into 2000 bins3. Linear verti

82 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev ABy enabling cursor tracking, the difference cursors are swept across the histogram. As expected, the space between

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 83 This screen shows the histogram statistics taken on the 5T distribution. The distribution ha

84 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AT@PIT TIME AT PIT Description The Time-at-Pit parameter provides the time of each leading edge of every pit or spa

AORM Software Package 213133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 85 We are expecting 1800 pits/spaces, so make sure that the trends are set to use up to 2000 va

86 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AThe waveforms are displayed in Quad grid mode. The trend of t@pit is basically linear, as expected because the time

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 87 The XY plot has been adjusted so that all the pit widths are displayed vs. time. Notice that

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 7 WHAT CAN AORM DO? The Advanced Optical Recording Measurement (AORM) package for Teledyne LeC

88 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev Awaveform so that the cursor on the trace is at the center of the screen. Expand the waveform using the horizontal z

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 89 Further zooming clearly identifies the problem: a burst error that prevented the positive po

90 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev ATIMJ TIMING JITTER Description Timing Jitter provides a measurement of the standard deviation of the difference of

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 91 The 3T timing jitter is calculated by taking the standard deviation of the difference betwee

92 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AMore About Timing Jitter In order to understand the operation of the timing jitter parameter with different modes o

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 93 The value displayed on the custom parameter line (with statistics off) is the sigma of any o

94 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev ASIGNALS, COUPLING, AND THRESHOLD SETTINGS Which optical recording signal, or combination of signals should be used

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 95 In the case of threshold-insensitive parameters, it usually suffices to use a fixed threshol

96 ISSUED: June 2013 923133 Rev AUSING PARAMETERS WITH TRENDS AND XY PLOTS X-axis Y-axis t@pit Dp2c edgsh pbase pmax pmin ptop pwid pwid pbase pmax

AORM Software Package 923133 Rev A ISSUED: June 2013 97 The trigger is set to trigger on a pit edge and is operated initially in single-shot mode. F